Severe period pain may be more than a routine part of menstruation, according to gynaecologist Dr Abhishek Mangeshikar, director of the Indian Centre for Endometriosis in Mumbai. While mild to moderate menstrual cramps are common, pain that repeatedly disrupts daily life could indicate an underlying medical condition and should not be ignored.
Speaking to Hindustan Times, Dr Mangeshikar said endometriosis is one of the most common causes of severe menstrual pain. The condition affects around one in 10 women of reproductive age, with millions of cases estimated in India. Other possible causes include adenomyosis, fibroids, pelvic infections and certain uterine abnormalities in adolescents.
Doctors are particularly concerned when menstrual pain becomes severe enough to interfere with school, work or normal activities. Pain that does not improve with commonly used painkillers, or is accompanied by vomiting or fainting, may also require medical evaluation.
Other warning signs can include pain while passing stool or urine during periods, pain during intercourse, repeated bloating, diarrhoea, or blood in the urine or stool during menstruation. Some people may also experience pain in the chest or shoulder area that follows a monthly pattern. Difficulty becoming pregnant can be another associated concern.
Dr Mangeshikar highlighted that diagnosis of endometriosis can often be delayed for years. He said severe period pain is sometimes dismissed by families, teachers and even healthcare professionals, allowing symptoms to continue without proper investigation.
The doctor also pointed out that a normal ultrasound does not necessarily rule out endometriosis. Some forms of the condition may not be visible on routine imaging, meaning further clinical assessment may be needed when symptoms remain severe.
Endometriosis can progress over time and may affect organs such as the bowel, bladder and urinary tract. In some cases, ovarian cysts associated with the disease can also affect ovarian reserve.
The key message for people experiencing severe menstrual pain is that disabling pain should not simply be accepted as normal. If periods repeatedly prevent someone from attending school, working or carrying out everyday activities, seeking advice from a qualified healthcare professional can help identify the cause and determine appropriate treatment.
This article is intended for general information and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Anyone experiencing persistent or severe symptoms should consult a doctor for individual assessment.
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